Camellia Propagation via Stem Sections

Selection of Stock Material

Optimal source material consists of healthy, disease-free plants displaying desirable traits. Identify vigorous, current-season growth.

Timing Considerations

The ideal period is typically from late summer to early fall, after the current season's growth has partially hardened, but before dormancy. Spring softwood propagation is less common but possible.

Preparing the Section

• Cutting Length: Usually 3-6 inches (7.5-15 cm) in length.
• Node Selection: The section should contain several nodes (points where leaves emerge).
• Leaf Reduction: Remove lower leaves to prevent rot, leaving only 2-4 leaves at the top. Reduce the size of remaining leaves by half to minimize moisture loss.
• Basal Treatment: Optional application of rooting hormone (containing auxin, such as IBA or NAA) to the base to encourage root development.

Rooting Medium

A well-draining, sterile medium is essential. Common mixes include:

• Peat moss and perlite (1:1 or 2:1 ratio)
• Sand and peat moss (1:1 ratio)
• Coir and perlite

Establishment Process

• Planting: Insert the base of the section into the prepared medium, ensuring at least one node is buried.
• Environment: Maintain high humidity by using a propagator, humidity dome, or plastic bag. Provide indirect light to prevent scorching.
• Watering: Keep the medium consistently moist, but not waterlogged.
• Temperature: Optimal rooting temperature is typically between 65-75°F (18-24°C).
• Ventilation: Provide occasional ventilation to prevent fungal diseases.

Post-Rooting Care

Rooting can take several weeks to months. Once roots have developed (indicated by new growth), gradually acclimate the plant to lower humidity levels. Transplant to a larger pot with an appropriate potting mix for camellias (acidic, well-draining). Fertilize sparingly with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer formulated for acid-loving plants.

Troubleshooting

• Rotting: Indicates excessive moisture or fungal infection. Improve ventilation and use a fungicide if necessary.
• Wilting: Suggests insufficient humidity. Increase humidity levels.
• Lack of Rooting: May be due to incorrect timing, poor-quality stock material, or inappropriate rooting environment. Review the procedures.